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17 October 2006


[Federal Register: October 17, 2006 (Volume 71, Number 200)]

[Proposed Rules]               

[Page 60928-60932]

From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]

[DOCID:fr17oc06-35]                         



=======================================================================

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DEPARTMENT OF STATE



22 CFR Parts 22 and 51



RIN 1400-AC22

[Public Notice 5558]



 

Card Format Passport; Changes to Passport Fee Schedule



AGENCY: State Department.



ACTION: Proposed Rule.



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SUMMARY: Section 7209 of the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism 

Prevention Act of 2004 (IRTPA), Public Law 108-458, 118 Stat. 3638 

(Dec. 17, 2004), provides that U.S. citizens and nonimmigrant aliens 

may enter the U.S. only with passports or such alternative documents as 

the Secretary of Homeland Security may designate as satisfactorily 

establishing identity and citizenship. The statute requires that the 

Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of 

State, develop and implement a plan to require virtually all travelers 

entering the U.S. to present a passport, other document, or combination 

of documents, that are ``deemed by the Secretary of Homeland Security 

to be sufficient to denote identity and citizenship. Section 7209 

expressly limits the waiver of documentation requirements for U.S. 

citizens under section 215 (b) of the Immigration and Nationality Act 

(INA)\1\ and eliminates the waiver of documentation requirements for 

categories of



[[Page 60929]]



individuals for whom documentation requirements have previously been 

waived (citizens of Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda) under section 212 

(d)(4) (B) of the INA.\2\ U.S. citizens and nonimmigrant aliens from 

Canada, Mexico, and Bermuda will be required to comply with the new 

document requirements of section 7209.\3\ The legislation also requires 

that the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and Department of State 

seek to facilitate the frequent travel of those living in border 

communities. This proposed rule addresses the travel facilitation 

requirement of this legislation. The administration's proposal to 

address the remainder of the legislative requirements as set forth in 

section 7209, called the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI), 

is being addressed in separate rulemakings.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------



    \1\ 8 U.S.C. 1185 (b).

    \2\ 8 U.S.C.1182 (d)(4)(B).

    \3\ Section 7209 does not apply to Lawful Permanent Residents, 

who will continue to be able to enter the U.S. upon presentation of 

a valid Form I-551, Alien Registration Card, or other valid evidence 

of permanent resident status. Section 211 (b) of the INA, 8 U.S.C. 

1181(b). It also does not apply to alien members of U.S. Armed 

Forces traveling under official orders. Section 284 of INA, 8 U.S.C. 

1354. Additionally, section 7209 does not change current 

requirements for nonimmigrant aliens from anywhere other than 

Canada, Mexico, or Bermuda. See section 212 (d)(4)(B) of the INA, 8 

U.S.C. 1182 (d)(4)(B) and 8 CFR 212.1.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------



    The passport card is intended as a lower cost means of establishing 

identity and nationality for American citizens in two limited 

situations--for citizens crossing U.S. land borders and traveling by 

sea between the U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean or Bermuda. The 

passport card is not designed to be a globally interoperable travel 

document as defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization 

(ICAO). Designing a card format passport for wide use, including by air 

travelers, would inadvertently undercut the broad based international 

effort to strengthen civil aviation security and travel document 

specifications to address the post 9/11 threat environment. Moreover, 

in its recent consideration of the FY 2007 Appropriations Act for the 

Department of Homeland Security, the Congress, while allowing for the 

use of the passport card by citizens traveling by sea between the U.S., 

Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean or Bermuda, did not make parallel changes 

regarding international air travel.



DATES: The Department of State will accept comments from the public up 

to December 18, 2006.



ADDRESSES: You may submit comments, identified by any of the following 

methods:

     Mail (paper, disk, or CD-ROM submissions): Comments by 

mail are to be addressed to the Office of Passport Policy, Planning and 

Advisory Services, Bureau of Consular Affairs, U.S. Department of 

State, 2100 Pennsylvania Ave. NW., Suite 300, Washington, DC 20037.

     Internet: Comments by Internet are to be sent to http://www.regulations.gov/index.cfm.

 This notice can also be viewed from this 



Internet address.

     Instructions: All submissions must include the agency name 

and docket number. All comments will be posted without change to http://www.regulations.gov

, including any personal information sent with each 



comment.



FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Consuelo Pachon, Office of Passport 

Policy, Planning and Advisory Services, Bureau of Consular Affairs, 

2100 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW., Suite 3000, Washington, DC, telephone 

number 202-663-2431.



SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The U.S. passport is the premier document 

for international travel by U.S. citizens and nationals because of its 

security features, professional adjudication, name checking 

conventions, and interoperability with global machine-readable 

passports and Electronic Passport (ePassport) standards. Pursuant to 22 

U.S.C. 211(a), the Secretary of State is charged with granting and 

issuing U.S. passports. Consular officers of the Department of State 

utilize information in the passport books when evaluating applications 

for replacement passports and determining eligibility for overseas 

citizens services. DHS and Customs and Border Protection (CBP) also 

utilize this information in determining citizenship and identity at 

ports of entry.

    Many U.S. citizens are expected to apply for U.S. passports to 

fulfill the document requirement of the WHTI program under Section 7209 

of IRTPA. Passport Services is committed to meeting the increased 

demand. Passport Services has seen an increase in passport demand from 

a base level of seven million passports in 2003 to an expected total of 

12-12.5 million in fiscal year 2006. Demand for passports is forecast 

to continue to increase to 16 million or more in FY-2007 and 

thereafter. However, the Department of State recognizes that there are 

circumstances where, due to reasons of both cost and ease of use, the 

traditional book-style U.S. passport may not be the optimal solution 

for international travelers along the northern and southern land 

borders of the U.S., or international sea travel between the U.S., 

Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. Therefore, the Department 

of State, in consultation with the DHS, is proposing an alternative 

format passport specifically designed for international land and sea 

travel between the U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda.



The Card Format Passport



    The term ``passport'' means any travel document issued by the 

competent authority of a sovereign nation showing the bearer's identity 

and nationality that is deemed valid for the entry of the bearer into a 

foreign country. 22 U.S.C. 211(a) provides that the Secretary of State 

has the authority to issue passports for the U.S.

    Executive Order No. 11295 of August 5, 1966, 31 FR 10603, provides 

that the Secretary of State is designated and empowered to exercise the 

authority of the President to designate and prescribe rules governing 

the granting, issuing, and verifying of passports. 22 U.S.C. 2705 

provides that a valid passport, if valid for the maximum period 

permitted by law, has the same force and effect as proof of citizenship 

as a certificate of naturalization or certificate of citizenship. Under 

this proposed rule, passport cards, like passport books, would be 

issued for a ten-year validity period for U.S. citizens sixteen years 

old and older, and for a five-year validity period for U.S. citizens 

less than 16 years of age. The Department of State proposes to utilize 

the same application procedures and adjudication standards for the 

passport book and card and to permit U.S. citizens to hold both a 

passport book and card simultaneously. In addition, if a passport 

applicant holds a valid passport book, the applicant may apply for a 

passport card as a ``renewal'' and pay the lower renewal fee rate.

    Because 22 U.S.C. 211(a) does not prescribe limitations on the 

format of a passport, the Secretary of State proposes to issue a card 

format for the passport, herein after referred to as the ``passport 

card,'' for international land and sea travel between the U.S., Canada, 

Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. The passport card will show the 

bearer's origin, identity, and nationality and will be subject to 

existing passport statutes. As with the passport book, the passport 

card will be issued only to those owing



[[Page 60930]]



allegiance to the U.S.\4\ and will require a written application and 

oath for first time applicants.\5\ There is precedence for limited use 

passports. For example, The Department of State issues passports only 

for one time use to allow the traveler to return to the U.S.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------



    \4\ 22 U.S.C. 212.

    \5\ 22 U.S.C. 213.

---------------------------------------------------------------------------



    The passport card is designed specifically to address the needs and 

travel patterns of those who live in land border communities and 

frequently cross the border in their day-to-day activities. The 

technical architecture of the passport card is designed to address the 

operational needs of pedestrian and vehicular traffic in the land 

border environment, and international sea travel as discussed herein, 

but not the operational needs of inspection at airports. Moreover, the 

passport card is intended not only to enhance security efforts for 

international land and sea travel between the U.S., Canada, Mexico, the 

Caribbean, and Bermuda, but is also intended to assist DHS in 

expediting the movement of legitimate travel within the Western 

Hemisphere.

    In particular, the land border presents complex operational 

challenges, in that a tremendous amount of traffic must be processed in 

a short amount of time. There are often several passengers in a 

vehicle, and multiple vehicles arriving at one time at each land border 

port-of-entry. Many of the people encountered crossing at the land 

border ports of entry are frequent crossers. However, CBP does not 

receive advance information on these land border travelers. For these 

reasons, the Department of State, in consultation with DHS, agreed to 

develop a technology-based solution.

    The passport card is designed and authorized for international land 

and sea travel between the U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and 

Bermuda and will not be a globally interoperable document. Therefore, 

the ICAO standards and recommendations for globally interoperable 

passports would not apply to passport cards. The passport card will be 

a highly secure document with many features consistent with ICAO 9303 

Part 3 definitions of TD-1 specifications. It will use a full facial 

image printed on the card as the biometric identifier in conformity 

with ICAO standards for ePassport images and utilize the international 

standard for Machine Readable Zone (MRZ) encryption.

    The data printed on the face of the passport card will be the same 

as that currently shown on the data page of the U.S. passport--bearer's 

facial image, full name, date and place of birth, passport card number, 

dates of validity and issuing authority. The reverse side of the 

passport card will carry a machine-readable zone and notation that the 

card is valid only for international land and sea travel between the 

U.S., Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. In addition, each 

passport card will utilize Radio Frequency (RF) technology to store and 

transmit only a unique reference number that will serve as a link to 

information safeguarded in a secure database managed by CBP. This 

reference number will be assigned by Department of State at the time 

the passport card is issued and no personal or biographic information 

will be stored or transmitted using Radio Frequency (RF) technology. 

Presenting the passport card will allow the linked information to be 

retrieved from the secure DHS database to allow the CBP officer to 

compare the citizen presenting him or herself for entry into the U.S. 

with the original issuance record to ensure that it is the same person. 

This database could include additional information, for example, 

information about the bearer's membership in one of CBP's international 

trusted traveler programs, NEXUS, SENTRI, or FAST.



Technology Considered for the Passport Card



    The Department of State, in consultation with the DHS, has sought 

both to ensure the privacy of U.S. citizens' personal information and 

to facilitate the travel of U.S. citizens in connection with the 

operational requirements for security and facilitation of travel at 

especially at land border ports of entry. After reviewing a number of 

options to provide the CBP officer with appropriate personal 

information to facilitate the processing of travelers, we believe that 

the most promising technology is Radio Frequency (RF) technology. This 

technology utilizes a passive chip deriving its power from the reader 

that communicates with it. We focused on RF vicinity read (GEN 2) 

technology and RF proximity read technology.



RF Vicinity Read (GEN-2) Technology



    RF vicinity read technology conforms to International Standards 

Organization (ISO) 18000 6-C specifications. Vicinity read technology 

would allow the passport card data to be read at a distance of up to 20 

feet from the reader. The vicinity read chip would contain only a 

unique reference number that will serve as a link to information 

safeguarded in a secure database managed by CBP. In addition to having 

commercial applications, vicinity-read technology is currently being 

used in a number of DHS programs. Operationally, it has similarities to 

CBP land border international trusted traveler programs of NEXUS, 

SENTRI, and FAST, and DHS's pilot electronic I-94 program currently in 

place at several land border crossings in that it will only store and 

transmit a unique reference number and no personal or biographic 

information. Vicinity read technology is similar to that used in 

highway toll systems throughout the U.S. From an operational sense, 

this technology would allow passengers approaching a land crossing in 

vehicles to present the passport card to the reader easily from within 

the vehicle and these readers could process information from up to 

eight cards at one time.

    In addition, the use of vicinity technology would provide 

information to border security personnel further in advance of a 

traveler's arrival at an inspection booth, facilitate a faster 

processing of individuals, and provide more opportunities to leverage 

existing technologies, including programs such as CBP's Trusted 

Traveler programs NEXUS, FAST, and SENTRI and use of the electronic I-

94.



RF Proximity Read Technology



    RF proximity read technology conforms to International Standards 

Organization (ISO) 14443 specifications. In addition to having 

commercial applications, RF proximity read technology is currently 

being used in the production of the U.S. ePassport, as well as 

ePassports of those nations participating in the Visa Waiver Program. 

The ISO 14443 specification requires the proximity chip to be read 

within approximately four inches of the reader. Similar to the vicinity 

RF read technology described above, the RF proximity read chip would 

contain only a unique reference number to be used as a pointer to a 

secure database managed by CBP. From an operational sense, this 

technology would require passengers approaching a land crossing in 

vehicles to present the passport card in close proximity to the reader 

outside the vehicle and these readers could process information from a 

small number of cards at a time.



The Passport Card Technology Selection



    DHS selected RF vicinity read technology for its border management 

system. To ensure compatibility and interoperability with the DHS 

border management system, and to secure significant travel facilitation 

advantages, the Department of State proposes to produce the passport 

card utilizing RF vicinity read technology. The selection of vicinity 

read technology for the



[[Page 60931]]



passport card was made in an effort to ensure a seamless operational 

environment with DHS, and provides the infrastructure support to 

strengthen our national security at U.S. land borders. The Department 

of State proposes to produce the card and deliver them with a thin 

protective sleeve, which is designed to protect the card from 

unauthorized access. The card could be stored in the sleeve and removed 

only when needed.

    The Department of State solicits comments on the selection of RF 

vicinity read technology for the passport card.



Obtaining the Passport Card



    Both the passport card and the traditional passport book will be 

issued on the basis of the same documentary requirements: Application 

forms (DS-11 and DS-82), and adjudication standards for establishing 

citizenship and identity. Building on existing infrastructure, the 

Department of State will acquire the capability to produce the passport 

card, while concurrently increasing capacity to produce traditional 

passport books.

    The U.S. Postal Service (USPS), and other designated local 

government entities, partner with the Department of State in serving as 

acceptance agencies for passport applications. Currently there are over 

7,500 designated post offices and other passport acceptance facilities 

nation-wide. Since the passport book and card will be processed using 

the same infrastructure and same procedures prior to production of the 

travel document itself, applicants will be able to submit applications 

for passport cards through the network of passport acceptance agents. 

The anticipated turn-around time for processing would be the same for 

both the passport book and card. Citizens outside the U.S. will be able 

to apply for the passport card at U.S. embassies or consulates abroad; 

however, all passport cards will be produced in the U.S.

    U.S. citizens will be able to hold both a passport card and a 

traditional passport book concurrently. In addition, applications for a 

passport book and card can be processed at the same time, using the 

same form, photograph and supporting documentation. Further, where the 

application is made for both the passport book and card, only one 

execution fee will be assessed. Adult applicants with valid passports 

may apply for passport cards as renewals, using form DS-82 (Passport 

Applications by Mail), which do not require personal appearance or 

execution of the passport application form. Details regarding 

application procedures will be made available at the time the revised 

passport applications are available. Like other full validity 

passports, one can apply for the passport card at embassies and 

consulates abroad. Passport cards applied for abroad will be delivered 

in the same manner as passport books are delivered abroad. Passport 

cards will not be issued abroad.

    The fee for the passport book and passport card is determined based 

on a cost of service analysis, consistent with OMB Circular A-25, User 

Charges, to recover the costs of the services when a specific 

beneficiary can be identified. In March 2006, Consular Affairs 

contracted with an independent third party to review the last cost of 

service study for passports (CY 2004), in light of WHTI, and the 

increase in workload to enable the Department of State to determine 

several fees including:

     The cost for the new card-format passport, and

     Whether the cost of the passport book could be reduced.



Application Fee for the Passport Card



    Based on the recommendation of the independent third party, an 

application fee of $20.00 is proposed for passport cards issued to 

adults (age 16 and up), valid for ten years. A fee of $10.00 is 

proposed for passport cards issued to minors (under age 16), valid for 

five years. The basis of the passport card application fees is the 

direct costs of producing passport cards, the card stock, technology, 

adjudicating the application, printing the biographic information on 

the card, and priority mail return of the card. Applicants will also be 

required to pay the execution and expedite fees, if applicable. The 

execution fee for persons seeking to apply for a passport card and 

passport book will be $25.



Execution Fee



    Certain applicants are required to execute the application DS-11 in 

the presence of a passport acceptance agent, passport specialist, or 

consular officer overseas. Therefore, the Department of State 

separately reviewed the cost factors for the execution of passport 

applications. By far, the largest number of first time passport 

applications are made by those who appear in person at local USPS or 

government offices, most often county clerks or clerks of the court. 

The fee is retained by these designated passport acceptance facilities 

to cover their costs of providing this service.

    First time adult passport applicants and all minors under age 16 

are required to apply in person. Adults applying for replacement 

passports that have been lost, stolen or mutilated are also required to 

appear in person, as are those holding expired passports issued more 

than 15 years previously, or when the bearer was a minor.

    The execution fee was set at $30.00 for each application during the 

last cost of service study. Based on an internal review of our cost of 

service, and information from the USPS, the Department of State is 

proposing to reduce the execution fee to $25.00. All fees will be 

subject to periodic review in the course of the Bureau of Consular 

Affairs comprehensive cost of service studies to account for 

operational changes, technological advances and economies of scale.



Application for Both Passport Book and Card



    As noted above, a U.S. citizen will be able to apply for both a 

passport book and passport card in the same application. The execution 

fee will be assessed only once, although a separate application fee 

will be assessed for each type of passport.



Regulatory Findings



Administrative Procedure Act



    In accordance with provisions of the Administrative Procedure Act 

governing rules promulgated by federal agencies that affect the public 

(5 U.S.C. 552), the Department of State is publishing this proposed 

rule and inviting public comment.



Regulatory Flexibility Act



    The Department of State, in accordance with the Regulatory 

Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 605(b)), has reviewed this regulation and, by 

approving it, certifies that this rule will not have a significant 

economic impact on a substantial number of small entities.



Unfunded Mandates Act of 1995



    This rule does not involve a mandate that will result in the 

expenditure by State, local, and tribal governments, in the aggregate, 

or by the private sector, of $100 million or more in any year and it 

will not significantly or uniquely affect small governments. Therefore, 

no actions were deemed necessary under the provisions of the Unfunded 

Mandates Reform Act of 1995.



Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Fairness Act of 1996



    This rule is not a major rule as defined by section 804 of the 

Small Business Regulatory Enforcement Act of 1996. This rule will not 

result in an annual effect on the economy of $100



[[Page 60932]]



million or more; a major increase in costs or prices; or significant 

adverse effects on competition, employment, investment, productivity, 

innovation, or on the ability of U.S.-based companies to compete with 

foreign-based companies in domestic and import markets.



Executive Order 12866



    The Department of State has reviewed this proposed rule to ensure 

its consistency with the regulatory philosophy and principles set forth 

in Executive Order 12866. The Department does not consider the proposed 

rule to be an economically significant regulatory action within the 

scope of section 3(f)(1) of the Executive Order since it is not likely 

to have an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or more or to 

adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of the 

economy, productivity, competition, jobs, the environment, public 

health or safety, or State, local, or tribal governments or 

communities. However, the proposed rule does have important policy 

implications. Accordingly, it has been provided to the Office of 

Management and Budget (OMB) for review.



Executive Order 13132



    This regulation will not have substantial direct effects on the 

States, on the relationship between the national government and the 

States, or on the distribution of power and responsibilities among the 

various levels of government. Therefore, in accordance with section 6 

of Executive Order 13132, it is determined that this rule does not have 

sufficient federalism implications to require consultations or warrant 

the preparation of a federalism summary impact statement.



Paperwork Reduction Act



    This rule does not impose any new reporting or recordkeeping 

requirements subject to the Paperwork Reduction Act, 44 U.S.C. Chapter 

35.



List of Subjects



22 CFR Part 22



    Passports and visas.



22 CFR Part 51



    Administrative practice and procedure, Drug traffic control, 

Passports and visas, reporting and recordkeeping requirements.



    Accordingly, for the reasons set forth in the preamble, 22 CFR 

Parts 22 and 51 are proposed to be amended as follows:



PART 22--[AMENDED]



    1. The authority citation for part 22 continues to read as follows:



    Authority: 8 U.S.C. 1153 note, 1351; 10 U.S.C. 2602(c); 22 

U.S.C. 214, 2504(a), 4201, 4206, 4215, 4219; 31 U.S.C. 9701; Public 

Law 105-277, 112 Stat. 2681 et seq.; Public Law 108-447; E.O. 10718, 

22 FR 4632, 3 CFR, 1954-1958 Comp., p. 382; E.O. 11295, 31 FR 10603, 

3 CFR, 1966-1970 Comp., p. 570.



    2. Revise Sec.  22.1 to read as follows:





Sec.  22.1  Schedule of fees.



    The following table sets forth the changes to the U.S. Department 

of State's Schedule of Fees for Consular Services:



                 Schedule of Fees for Consular Services

------------------------------------------------------------------------

                          Item No.                               Fee

------------------------------------------------------------------------

                    Passport and Citizenship Services

1. Passport Execution: Required for first-time applicants            $25

 and others who must apply in person [01--Passport

 Execution]................................................



                              * * * * * * *

9. Passport Card Application Services for:

    (a) Applicants age 16 or over (including renewals)               $20

     [Adult Passport Card].................................

    (b) Applicants under age 16 [Minor Passport Card]......          $10

    (Item no. 10 vacant.)..................................  ...........



                              * * * * * * *

------------------------------------------------------------------------



PART 51--PASSPORTS



    3. The authority citation for part 51 continues to read as follows:



    Authority: 22 U.S.C. 211a, 213, 2651a, 2671(d)(3), 2714 and 

3926; 31 U.S.C. 9701; E.O. 11295, 3 CFR, 1966-1970 Comp., p. 570; 

sec. 236, Public Law 106-113, 113 stat. 1501A-430; 18 U.S.C. 1621 

(a)(2).



    4. Amend Sec.  51.3 by adding a new paragraph (d) as follows:





Sec.  51.3  Types of passports.



* * * * *

    (d) Passport card. A passport card is valid for departure from and 

entry to the U.S. through land and sea ports of entry between the U.S. 

and Mexico, Canada, or the Caribbean and Bermuda. It is not a globally 

interoperable international travel document.

    5. The heading of Sec.  51.4 (b) is revised to read as follows:





Sec.  51.4  Validity of passports.



* * * * *

    (b) Period of validity of a regular passport and a card format 

passport. * * *

* * * * *

    6. The introductory paragraph of Sec.  51. 61 and the first 

sentence of Sec.  51.61(a) are revised to read as follows:





Sec.  51.61  Passport fees.



    Fees, including execution fees, shall be collected for the 

following passport services in the amounts prescribed in the Schedule 

of Fees for Consular Services (22 CFR 22.1)

    (a) A fee for each passport application filed, for both book and 

card format passports, which fee shall vary depending on the age of the 

applicant. * * *

* * * * *



    Dated: October 6, 2006.

Wanda Nesbitt,

Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs, Department 

of State.

 [FR Doc. E6-17237 Filed 10-16-06; 8:45 am]



BILLING CODE 4710-06-P